Which empire was Darius III associated with as king?

Darius III was associated with the Persian Empire, which was one of the largest empires in ancient history, known for its elaborate bureaucratic system and cultural diversity. He ruled during a critical period when the empire faced the rise of Alexander the Great. Darius III is often remembered for his struggles to maintain the integrity of the empire against Alexander’s conquests, which ultimately led to the downfall of Persian dominance in the region.

The Persian Empire had a significant influence on the political and cultural landscape of the ancient world, and Darius III's reign marked the end of a long line of Achaemenid rulers. His leadership was characterized by military campaigns and challenges, particularly against the Macedonian forces led by Alexander, which ultimately culminated in key battles such as the Battle of Granicus, the Battle of Issus, and the Battle of Gaugamela.

In contrast, the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and the Ottomans are distinct and occurred in different historical contexts and times. The Roman Empire emerged after the fall of the Persian Empire and played a significant role in shaping Europe and the Mediterranean. The Byzantine Empire is essentially a continuation of the Eastern Roman Empire that followed centuries later. The Ottoman Empire rose long after the era of Darius