What were oracle bones used for in ancient China?

Oracle bones were primarily used in ancient China as a form of divination, which involved interpreting signs to predict the future or gain insight into various matters. This practice was particularly prominent during the Shang dynasty. The bones, typically from animals like cattle or tortoises, were inscribed with questions pertaining to agriculture, hunting, warfare, health, and other concerns of the state or its people. After being heated, the bones would crack, and diviners would interpret these cracks as answers from deities or ancestors. This method not only served as a means to seek guidance but also played a significant role in shaping religious and political decisions at the time.

In contrast, the other choices do not align with the primary function of oracle bones—such as pottery making, which involves shaping and firing clay; documenting laws, which typically required written documentation on materials like silk or bamboo; and keeping trade records, which would be noted in other forms of writing and documentation pertinent to commerce. Therefore, the use of oracle bones specifically for divination distinguishes this practice from the other activities mentioned.