What title was given to the branch of the Roman government that served as the "Commander in Chief" of the armies?

The title given to the branch of the Roman government that served as the "Commander in Chief" of the armies is Consuls. In the Roman Republic, consuls were the highest elected office and held significant military authority. There were typically two consuls elected each year who jointly led the Roman state and commanded the army, especially during military campaigns. This dual leadership was designed to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of a single individual and to ensure a system of checks and balances within the government.

The role of the consuls was pivotal in the organization and direction of military activities, making them responsible for decisions related to warfare and military strategy. While other branches and officials, such as senators and magistrates, had influential roles within Roman governance, it was specifically the consuls who were designated as commanders of the military forces, solidifying their importance in both political and military matters of the Republic.